OCI Reserves
| |
Hedging Reserve |
|
|
| EUR million |
Forward & Swap Contracts |
Commodity Hedges |
Associate Hedge |
Total |
Available- for-Sale Reserve |
Total OCI Reserves |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| OCI at 1 January 2003 |
36.7 |
180.3 |
- |
217.0 |
16.4 |
233.4 |
| Net change in OCI in the year |
-28.9 |
-129.9 |
- |
-158.8 |
40.0 |
-118.8 |
| OCI at 31 December 2003 |
7.8 |
50.4 |
- |
58.2 |
56.4 |
114.6 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| OCI at 1 January 2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gains and losses from changes in fair value |
11.6 |
71.5 |
- |
83.1 |
80.5 |
163.6 |
| Deferred taxes |
-3.8 |
-21.1 |
- |
-24.9 |
-24.1 |
-49.0 |
| |
7.8 |
50.4 |
- |
58.2 |
56.4 |
114.6 |
| Net change in OCI in 2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gains and losses from changes in fair value |
-8.5 |
-47.6 |
- |
-56.1 |
2.5 |
-53.6 |
| Reclassification of losses |
19.0 |
- |
-19.0 |
- |
- |
- |
| Deferred taxes |
2.7 |
13.3 |
- |
16.0 |
-4.1 |
11.9 |
| Reclassification of deferred taxes |
-5.3 |
- |
- |
-5.3 |
- |
-5.3 |
| |
7.9 |
-34.3 |
-19.0 |
-45.4 |
-1.6 |
-47.0 |
| OCI at 31 December 2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gains and losses from changes in fair value |
22.1 |
23.9 |
-19.0 |
27.0 |
83.0 |
110.0 |
| Deferred taxes |
-6.4 |
-7.8 |
- |
-14.2 |
-28.2 |
-42.4 |
| Total |
15.7 |
16.1 |
-19.0 |
12.8 |
54.8 |
67.6 |
The gain on derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges that was realised from OCI through the Income Statement amounted to EUR 67.4 (EUR 225.4) million.
The hedging reserve includes the Group’s 43.3% (100%) share in an interest rate swap showing a deferred loss of EUR 19.0 (EUR 19.0) million in respect of Stora Enso’s now Associate, but formerly wholly owned subsidiary, Bergvik Skog AB. This amount relates to a fair value loss on Bergvik Skog AB’s cashflow hedge accounted interest rate swap and, in 2004, has been deducted from the equity accounted value of the Group interest in its Associate. In 2003 the gross loss was EUR 19.0 million, against which deferred tax of EUR 5.3 million was provided, however in 2004 the loss EUR 26.4 million is accounted for after tax as the deferred tax belongs to Bergvik Skog AB and not Stora Enso, the interest in the Associate being equity accounted.
The estimated net amount of unrealised gains and losses expected to be reclassified as earnings within the next twelve months amounted to EUR 23.0 (EUR 72.0 million, of which EUR 22.1 (EUR 30.6) million related to currencies and EUR 0.9 (EUR 41.4) million to commodities.
Fair Values of Financial Instruments
Derivative financial instruments are recorded on the Balance Sheet at their fair values, defined as the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged between willing parties in a current transaction, other than in a liquidation or forced sale. The fair values of such financial items have been estimated on the following basis:
• Currency option contract values are calculated using year end market rates together with common option pricing models, the fair values being implicit in the resulting carrying amounts.
• The carrying amounts of foreign exchange forward contracts are calculated using year end market rates and thus they approximate fair values.
• The fair values of interest rate swaps have been calculated using a discounted cash flow analysis.
• Swaption contract fair values are calculated using year end interest rates together with common option pricing models, the fair values being implicit in the resulting carrying amounts.
• Cross currency swaps are fair valued against discounted cash flow analysis and year end foreign exchange rates.
• The fair values of interest rate futures have been calculated by using either discounted cash flow analysis or quoted market prices on future exchanges, the carrying amounts approximating fair values.
• Commodity contract fair values are computed with reference to quoted market prices on future exchanges and thus the carrying amounts approximate fair values.
• The fair values of commodity options are calculated using year end market rates together with common option pricing models, the fair values being implicit in the resulting carrying amounts.
• The fair values of Total Return (Equity) Swaps are calculated using year end equity prices as well as year end interest rates.
• The Group had no outstanding embedded derivatives at either 31 December 2003 or 2004.
Certain gains and losses on financial instruments are taken directly to equity, either to offset Cumulative Translation Adjustments (CTA) or deferred under Other Comprehensive Income (OCI). The remaining fair value movements are taken to the Income Statement as Net Financial Items
(Note 7) as shown below.
Nominal Values of Derivative Financial Instruments
| |
As at 31 December |
| EUR million |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
| |
|
|
|
| Interest Rate Derivatives |
|
|
|
| Interest rate swaps |
|
|
|
| Maturity under 1 year |
109.3 |
113.7 |
66.5 |
| Maturity 2-5 years |
922.8 |
1 080.4 |
953.4 |
| Maturity 6-10 years |
1 088.1 |
1 439.2 |
1 469.9 |
| |
2 120.2 |
2 633.3 |
2 489.8 |
| Interest rate options |
- |
23.8 |
198.4 |
| Total |
2 120.2 |
2 657.1 |
2 688.2 |
| |
|
|
|
| Foreign Exchange Derivatives |
|
|
|
| Cross-currency swap agreements |
216.5 |
129.5 |
102.7 |
| Forward contracts |
3 902.4 |
3 112.5 |
2 479.8 |
| Currency options |
- |
208.1 |
588.3 |
| Total |
4 118.9 |
3 450.1 |
3 170.8 |
| |
|
|
|
| Commodity Derivatives |
538.6 |
477.0 |
442.7 |
| |
|
|
|
| Equity Swaps |
216.5 |
308.4 |
359.5 |
|
|
Fair Value Hedge Gains and Losses
| |
Year Ended 31 December |
| EUR million |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
| |
|
|
|
| Net gains on qualifying hedges |
64.2 |
-24.3 |
-10.2 |
| Fair value changes in hedged items |
-62.4 |
14.5 |
23.8 |
| Net gains/losses |
1.8 |
-9.8 |
13.6 |
| Net losses/gains 'on non-qualifying hedges |
26.3 |
-11.2 |
-6.4 |
| Net gains/losses on Total Return (Equity) Swaps |
-78.5 |
20.8 |
24.9 |
| Net Fair Value Gains in Net Financial Items |
-50.4 |
-0.2 |
32.1 |
Cash Flow Hedges Not Qualifying for Hedge Accounting
| |
Year Ended 31 December |
| EUR million |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
| |
|
|
|
| FX forward contacts |
41.8 |
13.7 |
-0.5 |
| Commodity contracts |
-1.1 |
2.6 |
-0.9 |
| Total hedging ineffectiveness |
40.7 |
16.3 |
-1.4 |
|
Fair Values of Derivative Financial Instruments
| |
As at 31 December |
| |
2002 |
|
2003 |
|
2004 |
| EUR million |
Net Fair Values |
|
Net Fair Values |
|
Positive Fair Values |
Negative Fair Values |
Net Fair Values |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Interest rate swaps |
202.8 |
|
106.8 |
|
157.1 |
-5.8 |
151.3 |
| Interest rate options |
- |
|
0.5 |
|
1.4 |
-0.4 |
1.0 |
| Cross currency swaps |
-21.6 |
|
-11.0 |
|
3.3 |
-14.9 |
-11.6 |
| Forward contracts |
180.3 |
|
172.8 |
|
94.7 |
-5.2 |
89.5 |
| Currency options |
- |
|
0.7 |
|
3.2 |
-1.4 |
1.8 |
| Commodity contracts |
252.4 |
|
71.5 |
|
28.8 |
-5.2 |
23.6 |
| Equity swaps |
-55.5 |
|
-36.0 |
|
21.8 |
-33.2 |
-11.4 |
| Total |
558.4 |
|
305.3 |
|
310.3 |
-66.1 |
244.2 |
Positive and negative fair values of financial instruments are shown under Interest-bearing Receivables and Liabilities and Long-term Debt.